constrained

S2 W2

BrE /kənˈstreɪnd/ AmE /kənˈstreɪnd/

adjective en → es

1 LIMITED BY [attributive] [predicative] B1

limited or restricted by rules, conditions, etc.

restringido por, limitado por

  • be constrained by something

Collocations constrained by rules · constrained by time

  • The project is constrained by a lack of funding.

    El proyecto está restringido por la falta de financiamiento.

2 FORCED [attributive] [predicative] B2

forced to do something that you would prefer not to do

obligado a, forzado a

  • be constrained to do sth

Collocations constrained to accept · constrained to agree

  • She felt constrained to accept the job offer.

    Se sintió obligada a aceptar la oferta de trabajo.

3 STIFF [attributive] [predicative] C1

not moving freely or easily; stiff and rigid

rígido, tenso

  • be constrained in movement

Collocations constrained movements · constrained posture

  • His face was constrained by a mask of pain.

    Su rostro estaba rígido por una máscara de dolor.