only

S1 W1

in Vietnamese Chỉ, chỉ có

BrE /ˈəʊnli/ AmE /ˈoʊnlɪ/

adverb / adjective en → vi

1 LIMITATION [T + obj] A2

Chỉ, chỉ có

used to show that something is limited or restricted in some way

  • only one/two/three etc

Collocations only child · only friend

  • She has only two brothers.

    Cô ấy chỉ có hai anh trai.

2 UNIQUENESS [T + obj] A2

Chỉ, duy nhất

used to show that something is the only one of its kind or type

  • the only person/thing

Collocations only option · only solution

  • He is the only one who can help.

    Anh ấy là người duy nhất có thể giúp đỡ.

3 EXCLUSION [T + obj] B1

Chỉ, chỉ có

used to show that something or someone else does not exist, is not included, or is not considered

  • only if/when

Collocations only in this case · only under certain conditions

  • You can only use it if you have a special key.

    Bạn chỉ có thể sử dụng nó nếu bạn có một chìa khóa đặc biệt.

4 MINIMALITY [T + obj] B1

Chỉ, chỉ có

used to show that something is the smallest amount or degree of something possible

  • only a little/bit

Collocations only a few minutes · only a small amount

  • I only need a little more time.

    Tôi chỉ cần thêm một chút thời gian nữa.

5 SUFFICIENCY [T + obj] B1

Chỉ, đủ

used to show that something is enough or sufficient

  • only just

Collocations only just made it · only just managed to do sth

  • He only just passed the exam.

    Anh ấy chỉ vừa đủ để qua môn thi.

6 RECENTLY [T + obj] B1

Chỉ, mới

used to show that something happened recently or not long ago

  • only yesterday/today

Collocations only last week · only recently

  • I only saw him yesterday.

    Tôi chỉ gặp anh ấy hôm qua.

7 NEGATION [T + obj] B2

Chỉ, chỉ có

used to show that something is not true or does not happen

  • only if/when

Collocations only in theory · only on paper

  • It's only a theory, not something we can prove.

    Đó chỉ là một lý thuyết, không phải điều gì chúng ta có thể chứng minh.

8 PRIORITY [T + obj] B2

Chỉ, chỉ có

used to show that something is the most important or comes first in order of importance

  • only if/when

Collocations only after · only when

  • We can only start the project once we have all the information.

    Chúng ta chỉ có thể bắt đầu dự án sau khi đã có tất cả thông tin.