by

bằng, qua phương tiện

used to show the means of transport used for a journey

• by car/train/plane

Collocations by bus · by bike

• We went to Paris by train.

  Chúng tôi đã đi đến Paris bằng tàu.

vào, vào lúc

used to show the time at which something happens or is planned to happen

• by 5 o'clock

Collocations by midnight · by the end of the week

• We need to finish by five.

  Chúng ta cần phải hoàn thành vào lúc năm giờ.

của tác giả

used after the name of a writer, artist, or composer to show that they wrote, created, or composed something

• by Shakespeare

Collocations by Picasso · by Mozart

• The painting is by Van Gogh.

  Cuộc họa này là của Van Gogh.

bởi, do

used to show who does something or how it is done, especially when you are not the person doing it

• by sb

Collocations by mistake · by accident

• The window was broken by a stone.

  Cửa sổ bị vỡ bởi một hòn đá.

theo đơn vị, mỗi

used to show the unit of measurement used for something

• by 10 metres

Collocations by a factor of two · by the metre

• The house is by 50 square metres.

  Nhà này có diện tích mỗi bên là 50 mét vuông.

cạnh, gần

used to show that something is near or next to another thing

• by the door

Collocations by the window · by the side of the road

• She was standing by the door.

  Cô ấy đang đứng cạnh cửa.

cách, cách xa

used to show how far something is from another thing or place

• by 10 metres

Collocations by a mile · by kilometres

• The house is by 50 metres.

  Nhà cách đó khoảng 50 mét.

do ảnh hưởng của, bởi vì

used to show the influence of something on someone or something else

• by sb/sth

Collocations by the government · by the economy

• The decision was influenced by public opinion.

  Quyết định đã bị ảnh hưởng bởi ý kiến công chúng.